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2727The `tools` array sits even earlier in the hashed request prefix than the top-level `system` field, so editing it invalidates the [prompt cache](https://platform.claude.com/docs/en/build-with-claude/prompt-caching) for the entire conversation. Mid-conversation tool changes are the tools counterpart to mid-conversation system messages. Instead of fixing the tool list for the lifetime of the conversation, you change which tools are offered to the model between turns: declare the full tool set in `tools` up front, then use `tool_addition` and `tool_removal` blocks to offer a tool to the model, or withdraw it, from a specific point in the conversation onward. The `tools` array itself never changes, so the cached prefix stays intact.
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29`tool_addition` and `tool_removal` are content blocks in the `content` array of a `role: "system"` message, and they can be mixed with `text` blocks in the same message. The message follows the same placement rules as any mid-conversation system message (see [Limitations](https://platform.claude.com/docs/en/build-with-claude/mid-conversation-system-messages#limitations)), and the change applies from that point in the conversation onward. Each block's `tool` field references a tool rather than defining one: `{"type": "tool_reference", "name": "..."}` names a tool declared in the request's `tools` array, and [MCP connector](https://platform.claude.com/docs/en/agents-and-tools/mcp-connector) tools can be referenced individually with `mcp_tool_reference` (`server_name` and `name`) or as a whole toolset with `mcp_toolset_reference` (`server_name`). Referencing a name that is not declared in `tools` returns a 400 error.
29`tool_addition` and `tool_removal` are content blocks in the `content` array of a `role: "system"` message, and they can be mixed with `text` blocks in the same message. The message follows the placement rules for any mid-conversation system message, with one extra restriction after a paused turn (see [Limitations](https://platform.claude.com/docs/en/build-with-claude/mid-conversation-system-messages#limitations)), and the change applies from that point in the conversation onward. Each block's `tool` field references a tool rather than defining one: `{"type": "tool_reference", "name": "..."}` names a tool declared in the request's `tools` array, and [MCP connector](https://platform.claude.com/docs/en/agents-and-tools/mcp-connector) tools can be referenced individually with `mcp_tool_reference` (`server_name` and `name`) or as a whole toolset with `mcp_toolset_reference` (`server_name`). Referencing a name that is not declared in `tools` returns a 400 error (on the Claude API, with `error.details.error_code` set to `tool_reference_unresolved`).
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3131Every tool declared in `tools` is offered to the model from the start of the conversation unless it is declared with `defer_loading: true`, which keeps it withheld until a `tool_addition` block surfaces it. `tool_addition` also re-offers a tool that an earlier `tool_removal` withdrew.
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33The following request declares `get_weather` in `tools`, then withdraws it after the first user turn with a `tool_removal` block. Mid-conversation tool changes are in beta, so the request sends the `mid-conversation-tool-changes-2026-07-01` beta header.
34
3335<CodeGroup>
3436 ```bash cURL
3537 curl https://api.anthropic.com/v1/messages \
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445447 end
446448 ```
447449</CodeGroup>
448
449Mid-conversation tool changes are in beta. To use them, include the beta header `mid-conversation-tool-changes-2026-07-01` in your requests.
450450
451451## When to use a mid-conversation system message
452452