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Prompts Model Context Protocol · in the page specification/2025-03-26/server/prompts …or other reference materials directly into the conversation flow. ## Error Handling Servers **SHOULD** return standard JSON-RPC errors for common failure cases: * Invalid prompt name: `-32602` (Inv…

Resources Model Context Protocol · in the page specification/2025-03-26/server/resources …standard MIME type. ### git:// Git version control integration. ## Error Handling Servers **SHOULD** return standard JSON-RPC errors for common failure cases: * Resource not found: `-32002` * Int…

Tools Model Context Protocol · in the page specification/2025-03-26/server/tools …\nTemperature: 72°F\nConditions: Partly cloudy" } ], "isError": false } } ``` ### List Changed Notification When the list of available tools changes, servers that declared the `listC…

Completion Model Context Protocol · in the page specification/2025-03-26/server/utilities/completion …l`: Optional total matches * `hasMore`: Additional results flag ## Error Handling Servers **SHOULD** return standard JSON-RPC errors for common failure cases: * Method not found: `-32601` (Capabi…

Pagination Model Context Protocol · in the page specification/2025-03-26/server/utilities/pagination …arse or modify cursors * Don't persist cursors across sessions ## Error Handling Invalid cursors **SHOULD** result in an error with code -32602 (Invalid params).

Authorization Model Context Protocol · in the page specification/2025-06-18/basic/authorization …//datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-ietf-oauth-v2-1-13#section-5.3) error handling requirements. Invalid or expired tokens **MUST** receive a HTTP 401 response. MCP clients **MUST NOT** send tokens…

Overview Model Context Protocol · in the page specification/2025-06-18/basic/index …es Responses are sent in reply to requests, containing the result or error of the operation. ```typescript theme={null} { jsonrpc: "2.0"; id: string | number; result?: { [key: string]: unk…

Lifecycle Model Context Protocol · in the page specification/2025-06-18/basic/lifecycle …d resource exhaustion. When the request has not received a success or error response within the timeout period, the sender **SHOULD** issue a [cancellation notification](https://modelcontextprotocol.i…

Transports Model Context Protocol · in the page specification/2025-06-18/basic/transports …ed newlines. * The server **MAY** write UTF-8 strings to its standard error (`stderr`) for logging purposes. Clients **MAY** capture, forward, or ignore this logging. * The server **MUST NOT** write…

Cancellation Model Context Protocol · in the page specification/2025-06-18/basic/utilities/cancellation …pplication UIs **SHOULD** indicate when cancellation is requested ## Error Handling Invalid cancellation notifications **SHOULD** be ignored: * Unknown request IDs * Already completed requests * Ma…

Ping Model Context Protocol · in the page specification/2025-06-18/basic/utilities/ping …xcessive pinging **SHOULD** be avoided to reduce network overhead ## Error Handling * Timeouts **SHOULD** be treated as connection failures * Multiple failed pings **MAY** trigger connection reset *…

Roots Model Context Protocol · in the page specification/2025-06-18/client/roots …e/user/repos/backend", "name": "Backend Repository" } ] ``` ## Error Handling Clients **SHOULD** return standard JSON-RPC errors for common failure cases: * Client does not support roots: `-3…

Sampling Model Context Protocol · in the page specification/2025-06-18/client/sampling …he sonnet hint to `gemini-1.5-pro` based on similar capabilities. ## Error Handling Clients **SHOULD** return errors for common failure cases: Example error: ```json theme={null} { "jsonrpc": "2…

Specification Model Context Protocol · in the page specification/2025-06-18/index …ional Utilities * Configuration * Progress tracking * Cancellation * Error reporting * Logging ## Security and Trust & Safety The Model Context Protocol enables powerful capabilities through arbitr…

Schema Reference Model Context Protocol · in the page specification/2025-06-18/schema …="schema-reference" /> ## JSON-RPC <div class="type"> ### `JSONRPCError` <div class="tsd-signature"><span class="tsd-signature-keyword">interface</span> <span class="tsd-kind-interface">JSONRPC…

Prompts Model Context Protocol · in the page specification/2025-06-18/server/prompts …or other reference materials directly into the conversation flow. ## Error Handling Servers **SHOULD** return standard JSON-RPC errors for common failure cases: * Invalid prompt name: `-32602` (Inv…

Resources Model Context Protocol · in the page specification/2025-06-18/server/resources …f.org/doc/html/rfc3986), taking the above guidance in to account. ## Error Handling Servers **SHOULD** return standard JSON-RPC errors for common failure cases: * Resource not found: `-32002` * Int…

Tools Model Context Protocol · in the page specification/2025-06-18/server/tools …\nTemperature: 72°F\nConditions: Partly cloudy" } ], "isError": false } } ``` ### List Changed Notification When the list of available tools changes, servers that declared the `listC…

Completion Model Context Protocol · in the page specification/2025-06-18/server/utilities/completion …l`: Optional total matches * `hasMore`: Additional results flag ## Error Handling Servers **SHOULD** return standard JSON-RPC errors for common failure cases: * Method not found: `-32601` (Capabi…

Pagination Model Context Protocol · in the page specification/2025-06-18/server/utilities/pagination …arse or modify cursors * Don't persist cursors across sessions ## Error Handling Invalid cursors **SHOULD** result in an error with code -32602 (Invalid params).

Authorization Model Context Protocol · in the page specification/2025-11-25/basic/authorization …ent: MCP responses else Validation Failure Server->>User: Error response<br/>error=invalid_client or invalid_request end Note over Server: Cache metadata for future requests<br/>(…

Overview Model Context Protocol · in the page specification/2025-11-25/basic/index …ponses are sent in reply to requests, containing either the result or error of the operation. #### Result Responses [Result responses](https://modelcontextprotocol.io/specification/2025-11-25/schema…

Lifecycle Model Context Protocol · in the page specification/2025-11-25/basic/lifecycle …d resource exhaustion. When the request has not received a success or error response within the timeout period, the sender **SHOULD** issue a [cancellation notification](https://modelcontextprotocol.i…

Transports Model Context Protocol · in the page specification/2025-11-25/basic/transports …ed newlines. * The server **MAY** write UTF-8 strings to its standard error (`stderr`) for any logging purposes including informational, debug, and error messages. * The client **MAY** capture, forw…

Cancellation Model Context Protocol · in the page specification/2025-11-25/basic/utilities/cancellation …pplication UIs **SHOULD** indicate when cancellation is requested ## Error Handling Invalid cancellation notifications **SHOULD** be ignored: * Unknown request IDs * Already completed requests * Ma…

Ping Model Context Protocol · in the page specification/2025-11-25/basic/utilities/ping …xcessive pinging **SHOULD** be avoided to reduce network overhead ## Error Handling * Timeouts **SHOULD** be treated as connection failures * Multiple failed pings **MAY** trigger connection reset *…

Tasks Model Context Protocol · in the page specification/2025-11-25/basic/utilities/tasks …ol as a task. Servers **SHOULD** return a `-32601` (Method not found) error if a client attempts to do so. This is the default behavior. 2. If `execution.taskSupport` is `"optional"`, clients **MAY…

Key Changes Model Context Protocol · in the page specification/2025-11-25/changelog …ing stdio transport may use stderr for all types of logging, not just error messages (PR [#670](https://github.com/modelcontextprotocol/modelcontextprotocol/pull/670)). 2. Add optional `description` f…

Elicitation Model Context Protocol · in the page specification/2025-11-25/client/elicitation …o automatically retry requests that received a [URLElicitationRequiredError](#error-handling), update the user interface, or otherwise continue an interaction. * **SHOULD** still provide manual contro…

Roots Model Context Protocol · in the page specification/2025-11-25/client/roots …e/user/repos/backend", "name": "Backend Repository" } ] ``` ## Error Handling Clients **SHOULD** return standard JSON-RPC errors for common failure cases: * Client does not support roots: `-3…

Sampling Model Context Protocol · in the page specification/2025-11-25/client/sampling …he sonnet hint to `gemini-1.5-pro` based on similar capabilities. ## Error Handling Clients **SHOULD** return errors for common failure cases: * User rejected sampling request: `-1` * Tool result m…

Specification Model Context Protocol · in the page specification/2025-11-25/index …ional Utilities * Configuration * Progress tracking * Cancellation * Error reporting * Logging ## Security and Trust & Safety The Model Context Protocol enables powerful capabilities through arbitr…

Schema Reference Model Context Protocol · in the page specification/2025-11-25/schema …="schema-reference" /> ## JSON-RPC <div class="type"> ### `JSONRPCErrorResponse` <div class="tsd-signature"><span class="tsd-signature-keyword">interface</span> <span class="tsd-kind-interface"…

Prompts Model Context Protocol · in the page specification/2025-11-25/server/prompts …or other reference materials directly into the conversation flow. ## Error Handling Servers **SHOULD** return standard JSON-RPC errors for common failure cases: * Invalid prompt name: `-32602` (Inv…

Resources Model Context Protocol · in the page specification/2025-11-25/server/resources …f.org/doc/html/rfc3986), taking the above guidance in to account. ## Error Handling Servers **SHOULD** return standard JSON-RPC errors for common failure cases: * Resource not found: `-32002` * Int…

Tools Model Context Protocol · in the page specification/2025-11-25/server/tools …\nTemperature: 72°F\nConditions: Partly cloudy" } ], "isError": false } } ``` ### List Changed Notification When the list of available tools changes, servers that declared the `listC…

Completion Model Context Protocol · in the page specification/2025-11-25/server/utilities/completion …l`: Optional total matches * `hasMore`: Additional results flag ## Error Handling Servers **SHOULD** return standard JSON-RPC errors for common failure cases: * Method not found: `-32601` (Capabi…

Pagination Model Context Protocol · in the page specification/2025-11-25/server/utilities/pagination …arse or modify cursors * Don't persist cursors across sessions ## Error Handling Invalid cursors **SHOULD** result in an error with code -32602 (Invalid params).

Client Registration Model Context Protocol · in the page specification/2026-07-28/basic/authorization/client-registration …ent: MCP responses else Validation Failure Server->>User: Error response<br/>error=invalid_client or invalid_request end Note over Server: Cache metadata for future requests<br/>(…

Authorization Model Context Protocol · in the page specification/2026-07-28/basic/authorization/index …D** include the `iss` parameter in authorization responses, including error responses, as defined in [RFC9207 Section 2](https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc9207#section-2). Authorization servers…

Overview Model Context Protocol · in the page specification/2026-07-28/basic/index …ponses are sent in reply to requests, containing either the result or error of the operation. #### Result Responses [Result responses](https://modelcontextprotocol.io/specification/2026-07-28/schema…

Cancellation Model Context Protocol · in the page specification/2026-07-28/basic/patterns/cancellation …d resource exhaustion. When the request has not received a success or error response within the timeout period, the sender **SHOULD** cancel the request and stop waiting for a response. As described i…

Overview Model Context Protocol · in the page specification/2026-07-28/basic/patterns/index …rver** answers each request with a JSON-RPC *response* (a result or error), optionally preceded by *notifications* scoped to that request. Servers **MUST NOT** initiate JSON-RPC requests, and clien…

Multi Round-Trip Requests Model Context Protocol · in the page specification/2026-07-28/basic/patterns/mrtr …or any other request that the client may be sending in parallel. ### Error Handling Servers **SHOULD** validate that the data provided by the client is a valid `InputResponses` object and that the i…

stdio Model Context Protocol · in the page specification/2026-07-28/basic/transports/stdio …tderr` for any logging purposes including informational, debug, and error messages. * The client **MAY** capture, forward, or ignore the server's `stderr` output and **SHOULD NOT** assume `stderr`…

Streamable HTTP Model Context Protocol · in the page specification/2026-07-28/basic/transports/streamable-http …3 Forbidden. The HTTP response body **MAY** comprise a JSON-RPC *error response* that has no `id`. 2. When running locally, servers **SHOULD** bind only to localhost (127.0.0.1) rather than al…

Versioning and Compatibility Model Context Protocol · in the page specification/2026-07-28/basic/versioning …rsion unsupported Server-->>Client: UnsupportedProtocolVersionError Note over Client,Server: Client retries with a mutually supported version end ``` ## Terminology This page use…