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| `--json-schema` | Get validated JSON output matching a JSON Schema after the agent completes its workflow (print mode only). See [structured outputs](/docs/en/agent-sdk/structured-outputs). Claude Code exits with an error on an invalid schema and accepts the `format` keyword as an annotation without client-side validation | `claude -p --json-schema '{"type":"object","properties":{...}}' "query"` | | `--maintenance` | Run [Setup hooks](/docs/en/hooks#setup) with the `maintenance` matcher before the session (print mode only) | `claude -p --maintenance "query"` | | `--max-budget-usd` | Maximum dollar amount to spend on API calls before stopping (print mode only). Spend from [subagents](/docs/en/sub-agents) counts toward the cap. Once spend reaches the cap, spawning another subagent fails with `Budget limit reached`, and Claude Code stops background subagents that are still running; the cap-enforcement behaviors require Claude Code v2.1.217 or later | `claude -p --max-budget-usd 5.00 "query"` | -| `--max-turns` | Limit the number of agentic turns (print mode only). Exits with an error when the limit is reached. No limit by default. With `--input-format stream-json`, a message sent while Claude is working stays queued and runs as its own turn, with its own limit, when the limit ends the current one | `claude -p --max-turns 3 "query"` | +| `--max-turns` | Limit the number of agentic turns (print mode only). Exits with an error when the limit is reached. No limit by default. With `--input-format stream-json`, a message still queued when the limit ends a turn stays queued and starts a new turn with its own limit | `claude -p --max-turns 3 "query"` | | `--mcp-config` | Load MCP servers from JSON files or strings (space-separated). When you pass this flag with `-p`, Claude Code waits for still-pending servers to connect before running the first turn, up to the [`MCP_TIMEOUT`](/docs/en/env-vars) startup timeout, 30 seconds by default; a server with a [cached tool list](/docs/en/mcp#managing-your-servers) skips the wait and connects on first use. The wait requires Claude Code v2.1.221 or later | `claude --mcp-config ./mcp.json` | | `--model` | Sets the model for the current session with an alias for the latest model (`sonnet`, `opus`, `haiku`, or `fable`) or a model's full name. Overrides the [`model`](/docs/en/settings-reference#model) setting and [`ANTHROPIC_MODEL`](/docs/en/model-config#environment-variables) | `claude --model claude-sonnet-5` | | `--name`, `-n` | Set a display name for the session, shown in `/resume` and the terminal title. You can resume a named session with `claude --resume <name>`. In an interactive session, if another live session on this machine already uses the name, Claude Code applies [a variant of it](/docs/en/sessions#name-your-sessions) instead. <br /><br />[`/rename`](/docs/en/commands) changes the name mid-session and also shows it on the prompt bar | `claude -n "my-feature-work"` |
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| `--bg`, `--background` | Start the session as a [background agent](/docs/en/agent-view) and return immediately. Prints the session ID and management commands. Combine with `--exec` to run a shell command as a background job instead of a Claude session, or with `--agent` to run a specific subagent. Cannot be combined with `-p`/`--print`; see the [error reference](/docs/en/errors#command-line-errors) | `claude --bg "investigate the flaky test"` | | `--channels` | (Research preview) MCP servers whose [channel](/docs/en/channels) notifications Claude should listen for in this session. Space-separated list of `plugin:<name>@<marketplace>` entries. Requires Anthropic authentication through claude.ai or a Console API key | `claude --channels plugin:my-notifier@my-marketplace` | | `--chrome` | Enable [Chrome browser integration](/docs/en/chrome) for web automation and testing | `claude --chrome` | -| `--cloud` | With a task description, create a new [web session](/docs/en/claude-code-on-the-web) on claude.ai. With a session ID (`session_...` or `cse_...`) or a claude.ai/code URL, target that existing session instead: `-p` queues the message into it, and no `-p` attaches your terminal. See [send a follow-up message](/docs/en/claude-code-on-the-web#send-follow-ups-from-the-cli). | `claude --cloud "Fix the login bug"` | +| `--cloud` | With a task description, create a new [web session](/docs/en/claude-code-on-the-web) on claude.ai. With a session ID (`session_...` or `cse_...`) or a claude.ai/code URL, queue a message into that existing session instead, with `-p`. See [send a follow-up message](/docs/en/claude-code-on-the-web#send-follow-ups-from-the-cli). | `claude --cloud "Fix the login bug"` | | `--continue`, `-c` | Load the most recent conversation in the current directory, skipping [background sessions, sessions created with `claude -p` or the Agent SDK, and sessions whose first prompt was `/loop`](/docs/en/sessions#resume-a-session). `claude -p --continue` includes `-p`, SDK, and `/loop` sessions. Includes sessions that added this directory with `/add-dir` | `claude --continue` | | `--dangerously-load-development-channels` | Enable [channels](/docs/en/channels-reference#test-during-the-research-preview) that are not on the approved allowlist, for local development. Accepts `plugin:<name>@<marketplace>` and `server:<name>` entries. Prompts for confirmation | `claude --dangerously-load-development-channels server:webhook` | | `--dangerously-skip-permissions` | Skip permission prompts. Equivalent to `--permission-mode bypassPermissions`. See [permission modes](/docs/en/permission-modes#skip-all-checks-with-bypasspermissions-mode) for what this does and does not skip. For sessions started with `--bg`, the mode [persists when the supervisor restarts the session](/docs/en/agent-view#permission-mode-model-and-effort) | `claude --dangerously-skip-permissions` |
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| `--disallowedTools`, `--disallowed-tools` | Deny rules. A bare tool name removes the matching tools from Claude's context: `"Edit"` removes Edit, `"*"` removes every tool, and `"mcp__*"` removes every MCP tool. A scoped rule such as `Bash(rm *)` leaves the tool available and denies only matching calls. A rule naming [`EndConversation`](/docs/en/tools-reference#endconversation-tool-behavior) can't remove it while any other tool remains | `"Bash(git log *)" "Bash(git diff *)" "Edit"` | | `--effort` | Set the [effort level](/docs/en/model-config#adjust-effort-level) for the current session. Options: `low`, `medium`, `high`, `xhigh`, `max`, or `ultracode`. Available levels depend on the model. `ultracode` starts the session at `xhigh` effort with [ultracode](/docs/en/workflows#let-claude-decide-with-ultracode) turned on, and requires Claude Code v2.1.203 or later. Overrides the [`effortLevel`](/docs/en/settings-reference#effortlevel) setting for this session and does not persist | `claude --effort high` | | `--enable-auto-mode` | Removed in v2.1.111. Auto mode is now in the `Shift+Tab` cycle by default; use `--permission-mode auto` to start in it | `claude --permission-mode auto` | -| `--environment <environment-id>` | Create a new cloud session that runs on the [self-hosted environment](/docs/en/self-hosted-environments) with the given ID. Environment IDs start with `ccpool_`. See [`--environment` dispatch behavior](/docs/en/self-hosted-environments-testing#environment-dispatch-behavior) for the interactive and non-interactive forms and the flag combinations it rejects. Requires Claude Code v2.1.224 or later | `claude -p "Fix the login bug" --environment ccpool_abc123` | +| `--environment <environment-id>` | Create a new cloud session that runs on the [self-hosted environment](/docs/en/self-hosted-environments) with the given ID. Environment IDs start with `ccpool_`. See [`--environment` dispatch behavior](/docs/en/self-hosted-environments-testing#environment-dispatch-behavior) for dispatch behavior and the flag combinations it rejects. Requires Claude Code v2.1.224 or later | `claude -p "Fix the login bug" --environment ccpool_abc123` | | `--exclude-dynamic-system-prompt-sections` | Move per-machine sections from the system prompt (working directory, environment info, memory paths, git-repo flag) into the first user message. Improves prompt-cache reuse across different users and machines running the same task. Only applies with the default system prompt; ignored when `--system-prompt` or `--system-prompt-file` is set. Use with `-p` for scripted, multi-user workloads | `claude -p --exclude-dynamic-system-prompt-sections "query"` | | `--exec` | Run a shell command as a PTY-backed background job instead of starting a Claude session. Use with `--bg` to launch from the shell | `claude --bg --exec 'pytest -x'` | | `--fallback-model` | Enable automatic fallback to the specified model(s) when the primary model is overloaded or not available, for example a retired model. Accepts a comma-separated list tried in order. See [Fallback model chains](/docs/en/model-config#fallback-model-chains). To persist a chain across sessions, use the [`fallbackModel` setting](/docs/en/settings-reference#fallbackmodel), which this flag overrides | `claude --fallback-model sonnet,haiku` |
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| `--remote-control`, `--rc` | Start an interactive session with [Remote Control](/docs/en/remote-control#start-a-remote-control-session) enabled so you can also control it from claude.ai or the Claude app. Optionally pass a name for the session | `claude --remote-control "My Project"` | | `--remote-control-session-name-prefix <prefix>` | Prefix for auto-generated [Remote Control](/docs/en/remote-control) session names when no explicit name is set. Defaults to your machine's hostname, producing names like `myhost-graceful-unicorn`. Set `CLAUDE_REMOTE_CONTROL_SESSION_NAME_PREFIX` for the same effect | `claude remote-control --remote-control-session-name-prefix dev-box` | | `--replay-user-messages` | Re-emit user messages from stdin back on stdout for acknowledgment. Requires `--input-format stream-json` and `--output-format stream-json` | `claude -p --input-format stream-json --output-format stream-json --verbose --replay-user-messages` | +| `--restricted` | Start in restricted mode. Use it when an evaluation harness drives `claude` on a shared machine and Claude Code must not run commands or read that machine's user and project settings. Claude Code removes the built-in tools that run commands or code, and WebFetch, unless you name them individually in `--tools`, not through its `default` preset. It also confines the built-in file tools to the [working directories](/docs/en/permissions#working-directories), loads only [managed settings](/docs/en/managed-settings) and `--settings`, and refuses [`bypassPermissions`](/docs/en/permission-modes#skip-all-checks-with-bypasspermissions-mode). Requires Claude Code v2.1.248 or later | `claude --restricted -p "query"` | | `--resume`, `-r` | Resume a specific session by ID or name, or show an interactive picker to choose a session. The picker and name search include sessions that added this directory with `/add-dir`. When you pass a session ID, Claude Code searches the current project directory and its git worktrees, then every other project on this machine. Before v2.1.223, the ID search covered only the current project directory and its git worktrees. [Background sessions](/docs/en/agent-view) appear in the picker marked with `bg` | `claude --resume auth-refactor` | | `--safe-mode` | Start with all customizations disabled to troubleshoot a broken configuration: CLAUDE.md, skills, plugins, hooks, MCP servers, custom commands and agents, output styles, workflows, custom themes, custom keybindings, status line and file-suggestion commands, LSP servers, and auto memory do not load. Authentication, model selection, built-in tools, and permissions work normally, which differs from [`--bare`](/docs/en/headless#start-faster-with-bare-mode). Managed settings policy still applies, including policy-configured hooks, status line, and file-suggestion commands; managed plugins, managed skills, managed CLAUDE.md, and policy-configured MCP servers do not. Useful for checking whether a customization is what triggers [automatic model fallback](/docs/en/model-config#automatic-model-fallback). Sets [`CLAUDE_CODE_SAFE_MODE`](/docs/en/env-vars) | `claude --safe-mode` | | `--session-id` | Use a specific session ID for the conversation (must be a valid UUID) | `claude --session-id "550e8400-e29b-41d4-a716-446655440000"` |
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| Flag | Description | Example | | :---------------------------------------------- | :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | :-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -| `--add-dir` | Add additional working directories for Claude to read and edit files. Grants file access; most `.claude/` configuration is [not discovered](/docs/en/permissions#additional-directories-grant-file-access-not-configuration) from these directories. Validates each path exists as a directory. To persist these directories across sessions, set [`permissions.additionalDirectories`](/docs/en/settings#permission-settings) in settings | `claude --add-dir ../apps ../lib` | +| `--add-dir` | Add additional working directories for Claude to read and edit files. Grants file access; most `.claude/` configuration is [not discovered](/docs/en/permissions#additional-directories-grant-file-access-not-configuration) from these directories. Validates each path exists as a directory. To persist these directories across sessions, set [`permissions.additionalDirectories`](/docs/en/settings-reference#permissions-additionaldirectories) in settings | `claude --add-dir ../apps ../lib` | | `--advisor <model>` | Enable the server-side [advisor tool](/docs/en/advisor) for this session with a model alias, `fable`, `opus`, or `sonnet`, or a full model ID. Takes precedence over the `advisorModel` setting for the session. `fable` requires [Fable 5 access](/docs/en/advisor#choose-an-advisor-model) | `claude --advisor opus` | | `--agent` | Specify an agent for the current session (overrides the `agent` setting) | `claude --agent my-custom-agent` | | `--agents` | Define custom subagents dynamically via JSON. Accepts the [fields listed for CLI-defined subagents](/docs/en/sub-agents#choose-the-subagent-scope) | `claude --agents '{"reviewer":{"description":"Reviews code","prompt":"You are a code reviewer"}}'` | | `--allow-dangerously-skip-permissions` | Add `bypassPermissions` to the `Shift+Tab` mode cycle without starting in it. Lets you begin in a different mode like `plan` and switch to `bypassPermissions` later. See [permission modes](/docs/en/permission-modes#skip-all-checks-with-bypasspermissions-mode) | `claude --permission-mode plan --allow-dangerously-skip-permissions` | -| `--allowedTools`, `--allowed-tools` | Tools that execute without prompting for permission. See [permission rule syntax](/docs/en/settings#permission-rule-syntax) for pattern matching. To restrict which tools are available, use `--tools` instead. If you name one of the [task-tracking tools](/docs/en/tools-reference#task-tool-availability) here, Claude Code also opts the session in | `"Bash(git log *)" "Bash(git diff *)" "Read"` | +| `--allowedTools`, `--allowed-tools` | Tools that execute without prompting for permission. See [permission rule syntax](/docs/en/settings-reference#permission-rule-syntax) for pattern matching. To restrict which tools are available, use `--tools` instead. If you name one of the [task-tracking tools](/docs/en/tools-reference#task-tool-availability) here, Claude Code also opts the session in | `"Bash(git log *)" "Bash(git diff *)" "Read"` | | `--append-subagent-system-prompt` | Append custom text to the end of every [subagent](/docs/en/sub-agents)'s system prompt, nested subagents included, apart from a [forked subagent](/docs/en/sub-agents#fork-the-current-conversation), which reuses the conversation's own prompt. Only applies in non-interactive mode with `-p`. Requires Claude Code v2.1.205 or later | `claude -p --append-subagent-system-prompt "Cite file paths in every answer" "query"` | | `--append-system-prompt` | Append custom text to the end of the default system prompt | `claude --append-system-prompt "Always use TypeScript"` | | `--append-system-prompt-file` | Load additional system prompt text from a file and append to the default prompt | `claude --append-system-prompt-file ./extra-rules.txt` | | `--autocompact <auto\|tokens>` | Set the [auto-compact window](/docs/en/model-config#set-the-auto-compact-window) for this session without changing your saved settings. Accepts the same values as `/autocompact`; that section covers the value forms and what overrides the flag. Requires Claude Code v2.1.221 or later | `claude --autocompact 500k` | -| `--ax-screen-reader` | Render screen-reader friendly output: flat text without decorative borders or animations. Forces the classic renderer, so the [`tui`](/docs/en/settings#available-settings) setting has no effect; attached [background sessions](/docs/en/agent-view) still render fullscreen. Takes precedence over [`CLAUDE_AX_SCREEN_READER`](/docs/en/env-vars) and the [`axScreenReader`](/docs/en/settings#available-settings) setting. Requires Claude Code v2.1.181 or later | `claude --ax-screen-reader` | +| `--ax-screen-reader` | Render screen-reader friendly output: flat text without decorative borders or animations. Forces the classic renderer, so the [`tui`](/docs/en/settings-reference#tui) setting has no effect; attached [background sessions](/docs/en/agent-view) still render fullscreen. Takes precedence over [`CLAUDE_AX_SCREEN_READER`](/docs/en/env-vars) and the [`axScreenReader`](/docs/en/settings-reference#axscreenreader) setting. Requires Claude Code v2.1.181 or later | `claude --ax-screen-reader` | | `--bare` | Minimal mode: skip auto-discovery of hooks, skills, custom commands, subagents, plugins, MCP servers, auto memory, and CLAUDE.md so scripted calls start faster. Skills in a directory you pass with `--add-dir` still load. Claude has access to Bash, file read, and file edit tools. Sets [`CLAUDE_CODE_SIMPLE`](/docs/en/env-vars). See [bare mode](/docs/en/headless#start-faster-with-bare-mode) | `claude --bare -p "query"` | | `--betas` | Beta headers to include in API requests (API key users only) | `claude --betas interleaved-thinking` | | `--bg`, `--background` | Start the session as a [background agent](/docs/en/agent-view) and return immediately. Prints the session ID and management commands. Combine with `--exec` to run a shell command as a background job instead of a Claude session, or with `--agent` to run a specific subagent. Cannot be combined with `-p`/`--print`; see the [error reference](/docs/en/errors#command-line-errors) | `claude --bg "investigate the flaky test"` |
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| `--debug-file <path>` | Write debug logs to a specific file path. Implicitly enables debug mode. Takes precedence over `CLAUDE_CODE_DEBUG_LOGS_DIR` | `claude --debug-file /tmp/claude-debug.log` | | `--disable-slash-commands` | Disable all skills and commands for this session | `claude --disable-slash-commands` | | `--disallowedTools`, `--disallowed-tools` | Deny rules. A bare tool name removes the matching tools from Claude's context: `"Edit"` removes Edit, `"*"` removes every tool, and `"mcp__*"` removes every MCP tool. A scoped rule such as `Bash(rm *)` leaves the tool available and denies only matching calls. A rule naming [`EndConversation`](/docs/en/tools-reference#endconversation-tool-behavior) can't remove it while any other tool remains | `"Bash(git log *)" "Bash(git diff *)" "Edit"` | -| `--effort` | Set the [effort level](/docs/en/model-config#adjust-effort-level) for the current session. Options: `low`, `medium`, `high`, `xhigh`, `max`, or `ultracode`. Available levels depend on the model. `ultracode` starts the session at `xhigh` effort with [ultracode](/docs/en/workflows#let-claude-decide-with-ultracode) turned on, and requires Claude Code v2.1.203 or later. Overrides the [`effortLevel`](/docs/en/settings#available-settings) setting for this session and does not persist | `claude --effort high` | +| `--effort` | Set the [effort level](/docs/en/model-config#adjust-effort-level) for the current session. Options: `low`, `medium`, `high`, `xhigh`, `max`, or `ultracode`. Available levels depend on the model. `ultracode` starts the session at `xhigh` effort with [ultracode](/docs/en/workflows#let-claude-decide-with-ultracode) turned on, and requires Claude Code v2.1.203 or later. Overrides the [`effortLevel`](/docs/en/settings-reference#effortlevel) setting for this session and does not persist | `claude --effort high` | | `--enable-auto-mode` | Removed in v2.1.111. Auto mode is now in the `Shift+Tab` cycle by default; use `--permission-mode auto` to start in it | `claude --permission-mode auto` | | `--environment <environment-id>` | Create a new cloud session that runs on the [self-hosted environment](/docs/en/self-hosted-environments) with the given ID. Environment IDs start with `ccpool_`. See [`--environment` dispatch behavior](/docs/en/self-hosted-environments-testing#environment-dispatch-behavior) for the interactive and non-interactive forms and the flag combinations it rejects. Requires Claude Code v2.1.224 or later | `claude -p "Fix the login bug" --environment ccpool_abc123` | | `--exclude-dynamic-system-prompt-sections` | Move per-machine sections from the system prompt (working directory, environment info, memory paths, git-repo flag) into the first user message. Improves prompt-cache reuse across different users and machines running the same task. Only applies with the default system prompt; ignored when `--system-prompt` or `--system-prompt-file` is set. Use with `-p` for scripted, multi-user workloads | `claude -p --exclude-dynamic-system-prompt-sections "query"` | | `--exec` | Run a shell command as a PTY-backed background job instead of starting a Claude session. Use with `--bg` to launch from the shell | `claude --bg --exec 'pytest -x'` | -| `--fallback-model` | Enable automatic fallback to the specified model(s) when the primary model is overloaded or not available, for example a retired model. Accepts a comma-separated list tried in order. See [Fallback model chains](/docs/en/model-config#fallback-model-chains). To persist a chain across sessions, use the [`fallbackModel` setting](/docs/en/settings#available-settings), which this flag overrides | `claude --fallback-model sonnet,haiku` | +| `--fallback-model` | Enable automatic fallback to the specified model(s) when the primary model is overloaded or not available, for example a retired model. Accepts a comma-separated list tried in order. See [Fallback model chains](/docs/en/model-config#fallback-model-chains). To persist a chain across sessions, use the [`fallbackModel` setting](/docs/en/settings-reference#fallbackmodel), which this flag overrides | `claude --fallback-model sonnet,haiku` | | `--fork-session` | When resuming, create a new session ID instead of reusing the original (use with `--resume` or `--continue`) | `claude --resume abc123 --fork-session` | | `--forward-subagent-text` | Emit [subagent](/docs/en/sub-agents) text and thinking blocks in the output stream as `assistant` and `user` messages with `parent_tool_use_id` set, so you can reconstruct each subagent's transcript. Without this flag, Claude Code emits only subagent `tool_use` and `tool_result` blocks. Requires `--print` and `--output-format stream-json`. Claude Code also forwards messages from [nested subagents](/docs/en/sub-agents#let-subagents-spawn-their-own-subagents), setting `parent_tool_use_id` to the ID of the Agent tool call that spawned each one; this requires Claude Code v2.1.219 or later. The [`CLAUDE_CODE_FORWARD_SUBAGENT_TEXT`](/docs/en/env-vars) environment variable enables the same behavior. Requires Claude Code v2.1.211 or later | `claude -p --output-format stream-json --verbose --forward-subagent-text "query"` | | `--from-pr` | Open the session picker filtered to sessions linked to a specific pull request. Accepts a PR number, a GitHub or GitHub Enterprise PR URL, a GitLab merge request URL, or a Bitbucket pull request URL. Sessions are linked automatically when Claude creates the pull request | `claude --from-pr 123` |
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| `--max-budget-usd` | Maximum dollar amount to spend on API calls before stopping (print mode only). Spend from [subagents](/docs/en/sub-agents) counts toward the cap. Once spend reaches the cap, spawning another subagent fails with `Budget limit reached`, and Claude Code stops background subagents that are still running; the cap-enforcement behaviors require Claude Code v2.1.217 or later | `claude -p --max-budget-usd 5.00 "query"` | | `--max-turns` | Limit the number of agentic turns (print mode only). Exits with an error when the limit is reached. No limit by default. With `--input-format stream-json`, a message sent while Claude is working stays queued and runs as its own turn, with its own limit, when the limit ends the current one | `claude -p --max-turns 3 "query"` | | `--mcp-config` | Load MCP servers from JSON files or strings (space-separated). When you pass this flag with `-p`, Claude Code waits for still-pending servers to connect before running the first turn, up to the [`MCP_TIMEOUT`](/docs/en/env-vars) startup timeout, 30 seconds by default; a server with a [cached tool list](/docs/en/mcp#managing-your-servers) skips the wait and connects on first use. The wait requires Claude Code v2.1.221 or later | `claude --mcp-config ./mcp.json` | -| `--model` | Sets the model for the current session with an alias for the latest model (`sonnet`, `opus`, `haiku`, or `fable`) or a model's full name. Overrides the [`model`](/docs/en/settings#available-settings) setting and [`ANTHROPIC_MODEL`](/docs/en/model-config#environment-variables) | `claude --model claude-sonnet-5` | +| `--model` | Sets the model for the current session with an alias for the latest model (`sonnet`, `opus`, `haiku`, or `fable`) or a model's full name. Overrides the [`model`](/docs/en/settings-reference#model) setting and [`ANTHROPIC_MODEL`](/docs/en/model-config#environment-variables) | `claude --model claude-sonnet-5` | | `--name`, `-n` | Set a display name for the session, shown in `/resume` and the terminal title. You can resume a named session with `claude --resume <name>`. In an interactive session, if another live session on this machine already uses the name, Claude Code applies [a variant of it](/docs/en/sessions#name-your-sessions) instead. <br /><br />[`/rename`](/docs/en/commands) changes the name mid-session and also shows it on the prompt bar | `claude -n "my-feature-work"` | | `--no-chrome` | Disable [Chrome browser integration](/docs/en/chrome) for this session | `claude --no-chrome` | | `--no-session-persistence` | Disable session persistence so sessions are not saved to disk and cannot be resumed. Print mode only. The [`CLAUDE_CODE_SKIP_PROMPT_HISTORY`](/docs/en/env-vars) environment variable does the same in any mode | `claude -p --no-session-persistence "query"` |
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| `--system-prompt` | Replace the entire system prompt with custom text | `claude --system-prompt "You are a Python expert"` | | `--system-prompt-file` | Load system prompt from a file, replacing the default prompt | `claude --system-prompt-file ./custom-prompt.txt` | | `--teleport` | Resume a [web session](/docs/en/claude-code-on-the-web) in your local terminal | `claude --teleport` | -| `--teammate-mode` | Set how [agent team](/docs/en/agent-teams) teammates display: `in-process` (default), `auto`, `tmux`, or `iterm2` (added in v2.1.186). Overrides the [`teammateMode`](/docs/en/settings#available-settings) setting for this session. See [Choose a display mode](/docs/en/agent-teams#choose-a-display-mode) | `claude --teammate-mode auto` | +| `--teammate-mode` | Set how [agent team](/docs/en/agent-teams) teammates display: `in-process` (default), `auto`, `tmux`, or `iterm2` (added in v2.1.186). Overrides the [`teammateMode`](/docs/en/settings-reference#teammatemode) setting for this session. See [Choose a display mode](/docs/en/agent-teams#choose-a-display-mode) | `claude --teammate-mode auto` | | `--tmux` | Create a tmux session for the worktree. Requires `--worktree`. Uses iTerm2 native panes when available; pass `--tmux=classic` for traditional tmux | `claude -w feature-auth --tmux` | | `--tools` | Restrict which built-in tools Claude can use. Use `""` to disable all, `"default"` for all, or tool names like `"Bash,Edit,Read"`. If you name one of the [task-tracking tools](/docs/en/tools-reference#task-tool-availability) here, Claude Code also opts the session in. The flag doesn't affect MCP tools; to deny those too, use `--disallowedTools "mcp__*"`. A list that omits [`EndConversation`](/docs/en/tools-reference#endconversation-tool-behavior) doesn't remove it; `""` removes it only when no MCP tools remain | `claude --tools "Bash,Edit,Read"` | -| `--verbose` | Enable verbose logging, shows full turn-by-turn output. Overrides the [`viewMode`](/docs/en/settings#available-settings) setting for this session | `claude --verbose` | +| `--verbose` | Enable verbose logging, shows full turn-by-turn output. Overrides the [`viewMode`](/docs/en/settings-reference#viewmode) setting for this session | `claude --verbose` | | `--version`, `-v` | Output the version number | `claude -v` | | `--worktree`, `-w` | Start Claude in an isolated [git worktree](/docs/en/worktrees) at `<repo>/.claude/worktrees/<name>`. If you don't give a name, Claude Code generates one. Pass `#<number>`, a GitHub pull request URL, or a GitLab merge request URL to [fetch that PR or MR from `origin` and branch the worktree from it](/docs/en/worktrees#branch-from-a-pull-request). Branching from a GitLab merge request requires Claude Code v2.1.233 or later | `claude -w feature-auth` |
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| `--channels` | (Research preview) MCP servers whose [channel](/docs/en/channels) notifications Claude should listen for in this session. Space-separated list of `plugin:<name>@<marketplace>` entries. Requires Anthropic authentication through claude.ai or a Console API key | `claude --channels plugin:my-notifier@my-marketplace` | | `--chrome` | Enable [Chrome browser integration](/docs/en/chrome) for web automation and testing | `claude --chrome` | | `--cloud` | With a task description, create a new [web session](/docs/en/claude-code-on-the-web) on claude.ai. With a session ID (`session_...` or `cse_...`) or a claude.ai/code URL, target that existing session instead: `-p` queues the message into it, and no `-p` attaches your terminal. See [send a follow-up message](/docs/en/claude-code-on-the-web#send-follow-ups-from-the-cli). | `claude --cloud "Fix the login bug"` | -| `--continue`, `-c` | Load the most recent conversation in the current directory. Includes sessions that added this directory with `/add-dir` | `claude --continue` | +| `--continue`, `-c` | Load the most recent conversation in the current directory, skipping [background sessions, sessions created with `claude -p` or the Agent SDK, and sessions whose first prompt was `/loop`](/docs/en/sessions#resume-a-session). `claude -p --continue` includes `-p`, SDK, and `/loop` sessions. Includes sessions that added this directory with `/add-dir` | `claude --continue` | | `--dangerously-load-development-channels` | Enable [channels](/docs/en/channels-reference#test-during-the-research-preview) that are not on the approved allowlist, for local development. Accepts `plugin:<name>@<marketplace>` and `server:<name>` entries. Prompts for confirmation | `claude --dangerously-load-development-channels server:webhook` | | `--dangerously-skip-permissions` | Skip permission prompts. Equivalent to `--permission-mode bypassPermissions`. See [permission modes](/docs/en/permission-modes#skip-all-checks-with-bypasspermissions-mode) for what this does and does not skip. For sessions started with `--bg`, the mode [persists when the supervisor restarts the session](/docs/en/agent-view#permission-mode-model-and-effort) | `claude --dangerously-skip-permissions` | | `--debug` | Enable debug mode with optional category filtering, such as `--debug='mcp,startup'` or `--debug='!1p'`. The filter binds only in the `=` form; a space-separated filter enables debug mode without filtering | `claude --debug='mcp,startup'` |
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| `--append-system-prompt-file` | Load additional system prompt text from a file and append to the default prompt | `claude --append-system-prompt-file ./extra-rules.txt` | | `--autocompact <auto\|tokens>` | Set the [auto-compact window](/docs/en/model-config#set-the-auto-compact-window) for this session without changing your saved settings. Accepts the same values as `/autocompact`; that section covers the value forms and what overrides the flag. Requires Claude Code v2.1.221 or later | `claude --autocompact 500k` | | `--ax-screen-reader` | Render screen-reader friendly output: flat text without decorative borders or animations. Forces the classic renderer, so the [`tui`](/docs/en/settings#available-settings) setting has no effect; attached [background sessions](/docs/en/agent-view) still render fullscreen. Takes precedence over [`CLAUDE_AX_SCREEN_READER`](/docs/en/env-vars) and the [`axScreenReader`](/docs/en/settings#available-settings) setting. Requires Claude Code v2.1.181 or later | `claude --ax-screen-reader` | -| `--bare` | Minimal mode: skip auto-discovery of hooks, skills, plugins, MCP servers, auto memory, and CLAUDE.md so scripted calls start faster. Claude has access to Bash, file read, and file edit tools. Sets [`CLAUDE_CODE_SIMPLE`](/docs/en/env-vars). See [bare mode](/docs/en/headless#start-faster-with-bare-mode) | `claude --bare -p "query"` | +| `--bare` | Minimal mode: skip auto-discovery of hooks, skills, custom commands, subagents, plugins, MCP servers, auto memory, and CLAUDE.md so scripted calls start faster. Skills in a directory you pass with `--add-dir` still load. Claude has access to Bash, file read, and file edit tools. Sets [`CLAUDE_CODE_SIMPLE`](/docs/en/env-vars). See [bare mode](/docs/en/headless#start-faster-with-bare-mode) | `claude --bare -p "query"` | | `--betas` | Beta headers to include in API requests (API key users only) | `claude --betas interleaved-thinking` | | `--bg`, `--background` | Start the session as a [background agent](/docs/en/agent-view) and return immediately. Prints the session ID and management commands. Combine with `--exec` to run a shell command as a background job instead of a Claude session, or with `--agent` to run a specific subagent. Cannot be combined with `-p`/`--print`; see the [error reference](/docs/en/errors#command-line-errors) | `claude --bg "investigate the flaky test"` | | `--channels` | (Research preview) MCP servers whose [channel](/docs/en/channels) notifications Claude should listen for in this session. Space-separated list of `plugin:<name>@<marketplace>` entries. Requires Anthropic authentication through claude.ai or a Console API key | `claude --channels plugin:my-notifier@my-marketplace` |
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| `--no-chrome` | Disable [Chrome browser integration](/docs/en/chrome) for this session | `claude --no-chrome` | | `--no-session-persistence` | Disable session persistence so sessions are not saved to disk and cannot be resumed. Print mode only. The [`CLAUDE_CODE_SKIP_PROMPT_HISTORY`](/docs/en/env-vars) environment variable does the same in any mode | `claude -p --no-session-persistence "query"` | | `--output-format` | Specify output format for print mode (options: `text`, `json`, `stream-json`) | `claude -p "query" --output-format json` | -| `--permission-mode` | Begin in a specified [permission mode](/docs/en/permission-modes). Accepts `default`, `acceptEdits`, `plan`, `auto`, `dontAsk`, `bypassPermissions`, or `manual` as an alias for `default`. The `manual` alias selects the mode the UI labels Manual and requires Claude Code v2.1.200 or later; `claude --help` lists it in place of `default`, and both values work. Overrides `defaultMode` from settings files | `claude --permission-mode plan` | +| `--permission-mode` | Begin in a specified [permission mode](/docs/en/permission-modes). Accepts `default`, `acceptEdits`, `plan`, `auto`, `dontAsk`, `bypassPermissions`, or `manual` as an alias for `default`. The `manual` alias selects the permission mode the UI labels Manual and requires Claude Code v2.1.200 or later; `claude --help` lists it in place of `default`, and both values work. Overrides `defaultMode` from settings files. Without this flag or `--dangerously-skip-permissions`, a new session starts in the permission mode described in [which permission mode a session starts in](/docs/en/permission-modes#which-mode-a-session-starts-in). For `-p`, that's `default` when nothing is configured | `claude --permission-mode plan` | | `--permission-prompt-tool` | Specify an MCP tool to handle permission prompts in non-interactive mode. Claude Code waits for that tool's MCP server to connect before running the first turn, up to the [`MCP_TIMEOUT`](/docs/en/env-vars) startup timeout, 30 seconds by default. <br /><br />The prompt tool can't approve an MCP tool marked as [requiring user interaction](/docs/en/mcp#require-approval-for-a-specific-tool): Claude Code converts an `allow` result for one to a deny. This restriction requires Claude Code v2.1.199 or later | `claude -p --permission-prompt-tool mcp_auth_tool "query"` | | `--plugin-dir` | Load a plugin from a directory or `.zip` archive for this session only. Each flag takes one path. Repeat the flag for multiple plugins: `--plugin-dir A --plugin-dir B.zip` | `claude --plugin-dir ./my-plugin` | | `--plugin-url` | Fetch a plugin `.zip` archive from a URL for this session only. Repeat the flag for multiple plugins, or pass space-separated URLs in a single quoted value | `claude --plugin-url https://example.com/plugin.zip` |
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| `--agent` | Specify an agent for the current session (overrides the `agent` setting) | `claude --agent my-custom-agent` | | `--agents` | Define custom subagents dynamically via JSON. Accepts the [fields listed for CLI-defined subagents](/docs/en/sub-agents#choose-the-subagent-scope) | `claude --agents '{"reviewer":{"description":"Reviews code","prompt":"You are a code reviewer"}}'` | | `--allow-dangerously-skip-permissions` | Add `bypassPermissions` to the `Shift+Tab` mode cycle without starting in it. Lets you begin in a different mode like `plan` and switch to `bypassPermissions` later. See [permission modes](/docs/en/permission-modes#skip-all-checks-with-bypasspermissions-mode) | `claude --permission-mode plan --allow-dangerously-skip-permissions` | -| `--allowedTools`, `--allowed-tools` | Tools that execute without prompting for permission. See [permission rule syntax](/docs/en/settings#permission-rule-syntax) for pattern matching. To restrict which tools are available, use `--tools` instead | `"Bash(git log *)" "Bash(git diff *)" "Read"` | +| `--allowedTools`, `--allowed-tools` | Tools that execute without prompting for permission. See [permission rule syntax](/docs/en/settings#permission-rule-syntax) for pattern matching. To restrict which tools are available, use `--tools` instead. If you name one of the [task-tracking tools](/docs/en/tools-reference#task-tool-availability) here, Claude Code also opts the session in | `"Bash(git log *)" "Bash(git diff *)" "Read"` | | `--append-subagent-system-prompt` | Append custom text to the end of every [subagent](/docs/en/sub-agents)'s system prompt, nested subagents included, apart from a [forked subagent](/docs/en/sub-agents#fork-the-current-conversation), which reuses the conversation's own prompt. Only applies in non-interactive mode with `-p`. Requires Claude Code v2.1.205 or later | `claude -p --append-subagent-system-prompt "Cite file paths in every answer" "query"` | | `--append-system-prompt` | Append custom text to the end of the default system prompt | `claude --append-system-prompt "Always use TypeScript"` | | `--append-system-prompt-file` | Load additional system prompt text from a file and append to the default prompt | `claude --append-system-prompt-file ./extra-rules.txt` |
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| `--teleport` | Resume a [web session](/docs/en/claude-code-on-the-web) in your local terminal | `claude --teleport` | | `--teammate-mode` | Set how [agent team](/docs/en/agent-teams) teammates display: `in-process` (default), `auto`, `tmux`, or `iterm2` (added in v2.1.186). Overrides the [`teammateMode`](/docs/en/settings#available-settings) setting for this session. See [Choose a display mode](/docs/en/agent-teams#choose-a-display-mode) | `claude --teammate-mode auto` | | `--tmux` | Create a tmux session for the worktree. Requires `--worktree`. Uses iTerm2 native panes when available; pass `--tmux=classic` for traditional tmux | `claude -w feature-auth --tmux` | -| `--tools` | Restrict which built-in tools Claude can use. Use `""` to disable all, `"default"` for all, or tool names like `"Bash,Edit,Read"`. The flag doesn't affect MCP tools; to deny those too, use `--disallowedTools "mcp__*"`. A list that omits [`EndConversation`](/docs/en/tools-reference#endconversation-tool-behavior) doesn't remove it; `""` removes it only when no MCP tools remain | `claude --tools "Bash,Edit,Read"` | +| `--tools` | Restrict which built-in tools Claude can use. Use `""` to disable all, `"default"` for all, or tool names like `"Bash,Edit,Read"`. If you name one of the [task-tracking tools](/docs/en/tools-reference#task-tool-availability) here, Claude Code also opts the session in. The flag doesn't affect MCP tools; to deny those too, use `--disallowedTools "mcp__*"`. A list that omits [`EndConversation`](/docs/en/tools-reference#endconversation-tool-behavior) doesn't remove it; `""` removes it only when no MCP tools remain | `claude --tools "Bash,Edit,Read"` | | `--verbose` | Enable verbose logging, shows full turn-by-turn output. Overrides the [`viewMode`](/docs/en/settings#available-settings) setting for this session | `claude --verbose` | | `--version`, `-v` | Output the version number | `claude -v` | | `--worktree`, `-w` | Start Claude in an isolated [git worktree](/docs/en/worktrees) at `<repo>/.claude/worktrees/<name>`. If you don't give a name, Claude Code generates one. Pass `#<number>`, a GitHub pull request URL, or a GitLab merge request URL to [fetch that PR or MR from `origin` and branch the worktree from it](/docs/en/worktrees#branch-from-a-pull-request). Branching from a GitLab merge request requires Claude Code v2.1.233 or later | `claude -w feature-auth` |
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| `--tools` | Restrict which built-in tools Claude can use. Use `""` to disable all, `"default"` for all, or tool names like `"Bash,Edit,Read"`. The flag doesn't affect MCP tools; to deny those too, use `--disallowedTools "mcp__*"`. A list that omits [`EndConversation`](/docs/en/tools-reference#endconversation-tool-behavior) doesn't remove it; `""` removes it only when no MCP tools remain | `claude --tools "Bash,Edit,Read"` | | `--verbose` | Enable verbose logging, shows full turn-by-turn output. Overrides the [`viewMode`](/docs/en/settings#available-settings) setting for this session | `claude --verbose` | | `--version`, `-v` | Output the version number | `claude -v` | -| `--worktree`, `-w` | Start Claude in an isolated [git worktree](/docs/en/worktrees) at `<repo>/.claude/worktrees/<name>`. If no name is given, one is auto-generated. Pass `#<number>` or a GitHub pull request URL to fetch that PR from `origin` and branch the worktree from it | `claude -w feature-auth` | +| `--worktree`, `-w` | Start Claude in an isolated [git worktree](/docs/en/worktrees) at `<repo>/.claude/worktrees/<name>`. If you don't give a name, Claude Code generates one. Pass `#<number>`, a GitHub pull request URL, or a GitLab merge request URL to [fetch that PR or MR from `origin` and branch the worktree from it](/docs/en/worktrees#branch-from-a-pull-request). Branching from a GitLab merge request requires Claude Code v2.1.233 or later | `claude -w feature-auth` | ### System prompt flags
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| `--add-dir` | Add additional working directories for Claude to read and edit files. Grants file access; most `.claude/` configuration is [not discovered](/docs/en/permissions#additional-directories-grant-file-access-not-configuration) from these directories. Validates each path exists as a directory. To persist these directories across sessions, set [`permissions.additionalDirectories`](/docs/en/settings#permission-settings) in settings | `claude --add-dir ../apps ../lib` | | `--advisor <model>` | Enable the server-side [advisor tool](/docs/en/advisor) for this session with a model alias, `fable`, `opus`, or `sonnet`, or a full model ID. Takes precedence over the `advisorModel` setting for the session. `fable` requires [Fable 5 access](/docs/en/advisor#choose-an-advisor-model) | `claude --advisor opus` | | `--agent` | Specify an agent for the current session (overrides the `agent` setting) | `claude --agent my-custom-agent` | -| `--agents` | Define custom subagents dynamically via JSON. Uses the same field names as subagent [frontmatter](/docs/en/sub-agents#supported-frontmatter-fields), plus a `prompt` field for the agent's instructions | `claude --agents '{"reviewer":{"description":"Reviews code","prompt":"You are a code reviewer"}}'` | +| `--agents` | Define custom subagents dynamically via JSON. Accepts the [fields listed for CLI-defined subagents](/docs/en/sub-agents#choose-the-subagent-scope) | `claude --agents '{"reviewer":{"description":"Reviews code","prompt":"You are a code reviewer"}}'` | | `--allow-dangerously-skip-permissions` | Add `bypassPermissions` to the `Shift+Tab` mode cycle without starting in it. Lets you begin in a different mode like `plan` and switch to `bypassPermissions` later. See [permission modes](/docs/en/permission-modes#skip-all-checks-with-bypasspermissions-mode) | `claude --permission-mode plan --allow-dangerously-skip-permissions` | | `--allowedTools`, `--allowed-tools` | Tools that execute without prompting for permission. See [permission rule syntax](/docs/en/settings#permission-rule-syntax) for pattern matching. To restrict which tools are available, use `--tools` instead | `"Bash(git log *)" "Bash(git diff *)" "Read"` | -| `--append-subagent-system-prompt` | Append custom text to the end of every [subagent](/docs/en/sub-agents)'s system prompt, including nested subagents. Only applies in non-interactive mode with `-p`. Requires Claude Code v2.1.205 or later | `claude -p --append-subagent-system-prompt "Cite file paths in every answer" "query"` | +| `--append-subagent-system-prompt` | Append custom text to the end of every [subagent](/docs/en/sub-agents)'s system prompt, nested subagents included, apart from a [forked subagent](/docs/en/sub-agents#fork-the-current-conversation), which reuses the conversation's own prompt. Only applies in non-interactive mode with `-p`. Requires Claude Code v2.1.205 or later | `claude -p --append-subagent-system-prompt "Cite file paths in every answer" "query"` | | `--append-system-prompt` | Append custom text to the end of the default system prompt | `claude --append-system-prompt "Always use TypeScript"` | | `--append-system-prompt-file` | Load additional system prompt text from a file and append to the default prompt | `claude --append-system-prompt-file ./extra-rules.txt` | | `--autocompact <auto\|tokens>` | Set the [auto-compact window](/docs/en/model-config#set-the-auto-compact-window) for this session without changing your saved settings. Accepts the same values as `/autocompact`; that section covers the value forms and what overrides the flag. Requires Claude Code v2.1.221 or later | `claude --autocompact 500k` |