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One read of Claude Code CLI
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Two settings aren't part of the prompt text at all, so they don't appear in the layer table, but both are part of the cache key: * **Model**: each model has its own cache. Switching models recomputes the entire request even when the content is identical. See [Switching models](#switching-models) below. -* **Effort level**: each effort level has its own cache for the same model. Changing it mid-session recomputes the entire request, and Claude Code asks you to confirm before applying the change. See [Changing effort level](#changing-effort-level) below. +* **Effort level**: each effort level has its own cache for the same model. Changing effort mid-session recomputes the entire request. See [Changing effort level](#changing-effort-level) below. <Tip> Pick your model and effort level at the top of a session, then save `/compact` for natural breaks between tasks. The fewer changes you make mid-task, the higher your cache hit rate.
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Each model has its own cache. Switching with [`/model`](/docs/en/model-config#setting-your-model) means the next request reads the entire conversation history with no cache hits, even though the content is identical. +When you run `/model` at the terminal, Claude Code asks you to confirm the switch only while the current cache hasn't expired. Whether the cache has expired depends on how long it has been since Claude Code last sent a request in this conversation or Claude last responded: + +* **Less than one [cache TTL](#cache-lifetime) ago**: the cache is still warm. +* **One cache TTL or longer ago**: the cache has already expired, so Claude Code switches without asking. + +Before v2.1.238, Claude Code didn't check the cache TTL and asked even after the cache had expired. + The [`opusplan` model setting](/docs/en/model-config#opusplan-model-setting) resolves to Opus during plan mode and Sonnet during execution, so each plan-mode toggle is a model switch and starts a fresh cache. [Automatic model fallback](/docs/en/model-config#automatic-model-fallback) on Fable 5 and Opus 5 is also a model switch. When a safety classifier flags a request and the flagged category has a fallback model, Claude Code re-runs the request on that model and the session continues there.
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### Changing effort level -The cache is keyed by [effort level](/docs/en/model-config#adjust-effort-level) as well as model, so switching with `/effort` means the next request reads the entire conversation history with no cache hits. Once a conversation has started, Claude Code shows a confirmation dialog before applying an effort change that would invalidate the cache. A change that resolves to the same level already in effect, such as setting the model's default explicitly, skips the dialog and keeps the cache. +The cache is keyed by [effort level](/docs/en/model-config#adjust-effort-level) as well as model, so switching with `/effort` means the next request reads the entire conversation history with no cache hits. Changing effort follows the same confirmation as [switching models](#switching-models). When a change resolves to the same level already in effect, such as setting the model's default explicitly, Claude Code keeps the cache and applies the change without asking. ### Turning on fast mode
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You can configure your model in several ways, listed in order of priority: -1. **During session**: use `/model <alias|name>` to switch immediately, or run `/model` with no argument to open the picker. The picker asks for confirmation when the conversation has prior output, since the next response re-reads the full history without cached context +1. **During session**: use `/model <alias|name>` to switch immediately, or run `/model` with no argument to open the picker. See [when Claude Code asks you to confirm the switch](/docs/en/prompt-caching#switching-models) 2. **At startup**: launch with `claude --model <alias|name>` 3. **Environment variable**: set `ANTHROPIC_MODEL=<alias|name>` 4. **Settings**: configure permanently in your settings file using the `model` field
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Claude Code's **Default** output style is the existing system prompt, designed to help you complete software engineering tasks efficiently. -There are three additional built-in output styles: +There are four additional built-in output styles: * **Proactive**: Claude executes immediately, makes reasonable assumptions instead of pausing for routine decisions, and prefers action over planning. This is stronger autonomous-execution guidance than [auto mode](/docs/en/permission-modes#eliminate-prompts-with-auto-mode) applies, and it works without changing your permission mode, so your permission mode still decides what runs without asking you. +* **Concise**: Claude leads with the result, skips preamble and narration, and keeps responses short by default, while doing the engineering work as thoroughly as in the Default style. When you ask for an explanation or more detail, Claude answers in full. Claude always keeps the complete content of error reports, security warnings, and confirmations for destructive actions. Requires Claude Code v2.1.237 or later. + * **Explanatory**: Provides educational "Insights" in between helping you complete software engineering tasks. Helps you understand implementation choices and codebase patterns. * **Learning**: Collaborative, learn-by-doing mode where Claude will not only share "Insights" while coding, but also ask you to contribute small, strategic pieces of code yourself. Claude Code will add `TODO(human)` markers in your code for you to implement.
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Output styles apply to the main conversation only: a [subagent runs its own system prompt](/docs/en/sub-agents#what-loads-at-startup), so styles don't change how subagents respond. A [fork](/docs/en/sub-agents#fork-the-current-conversation) is the exception, because it inherits the parent's full system prompt. -Token usage depends on the style. Adding instructions to the system prompt increases input tokens, though prompt caching reduces this cost after the first request in a session. The built-in Explanatory and Learning styles produce longer responses than Default by design, which increases output tokens. For custom styles, output token usage depends on what your instructions tell Claude to produce. +Token usage depends on the style. Adding instructions to the system prompt increases input tokens, though prompt caching reduces this cost after the first request in a session. The built-in Explanatory and Learning styles produce longer responses than Default by design, which increases output tokens, and the Concise style does the opposite by instructing Claude to keep responses short by default. For custom styles, output token usage depends on what your instructions tell Claude to produce. ## Comparisons to related features
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| Action | Default | Description | | :-------------------- | :-------------------------------- | :------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | `chat:cancel` | Escape | Cancel current input | -| `chat:clearInput` | Ctrl+L | Force a full screen redraw, preserving input. In [fullscreen rendering](/docs/en/fullscreen#clear-the-conversation), press twice within two seconds to run `/clear` | -| `chat:clearScreen` | Cmd+K | In [fullscreen rendering](/docs/en/fullscreen#clear-the-conversation), press twice within two seconds to run `/clear` | +| `chat:clearInput` | Ctrl+L | Force a full screen redraw, preserving input and conversation | +| `chat:clearScreen` | Cmd+K | Force a full screen redraw, preserving input and conversation. See [Clear the conversation](/docs/en/fullscreen#clear-the-conversation) for how Cmd+K behaves on iTerm2 and Terminal.app | | `chat:killAgents` | Ctrl+X Ctrl+K | Stop all running [background subagents](/docs/en/sub-agents#run-subagents-in-foreground-or-background) in this session and turn off [artifact auto-replies](/docs/en/artifacts#let-claude-reply-to-comments-on-its-own) for the rest of it | | `chat:cycleMode` | Shift+Tab\* | Cycle permission modes | | `chat:modelPicker` | Meta+P | Open model picker |
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| `Ctrl+X Ctrl+K` | Stop all running [background subagents](/docs/en/sub-agents#run-subagents-in-foreground-or-background) in this session, and turn off [artifact auto-replies](/docs/en/artifacts#let-claude-reply-to-comments-on-its-own) for the rest of it. Press twice within 3 seconds to confirm | Subagent control | | `Ctrl+D` | Exit Claude Code session | The first press shows a confirmation hint and a second press within 800ms exits. When the prompt has text, `Ctrl+D` deletes the character after the cursor instead | | `Ctrl+G` or `Ctrl+X Ctrl+E` | Open in default text editor | Edit your prompt or custom response in your default text editor. `Ctrl+X Ctrl+E` is the readline-native binding. Turn on **Show last response in external editor** in `/config` to prepend Claude's previous reply as `#`-commented context above your prompt; Claude Code strips the comment block when you save | -| `Ctrl+L` | Redraw screen | Forces a full terminal redraw, keeping input and conversation history. Use this to recover if the display becomes garbled or partially blank. In [fullscreen rendering](/docs/en/fullscreen#clear-the-conversation), if you press `Ctrl+L` once, Claude Code redraws the screen and also shows a hint that pressing it again runs `/clear`. If you press it twice within two seconds, Claude Code runs `/clear` and starts a new conversation | +| `Ctrl+L` | Redraw screen | Forces a full terminal redraw, keeping input and conversation history. Use this to recover if the display becomes garbled or partially blank | | `Ctrl+O` | Toggle transcript viewer | Shows detailed tool usage and execution, with a timestamp and the model used on each assistant message. Also expands MCP calls, which collapse to a single line like "Called slack 3 times" by default | | `Ctrl+R` | Reverse search command history | Search through previous commands interactively | | `Ctrl+V` or `Cmd+V` (iTerm2) or `Alt+V` (Windows and WSL) | Paste image from clipboard | Inserts an `[Image #N]` chip at the cursor so you can reference it positionally in your prompt. On WSL, both `Ctrl+V` and `Alt+V` are bound; use `Alt+V` if your terminal intercepts `Ctrl+V` |
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### Output style -A configuration that modifies Claude's system prompt to change response behavior, tone, or format. Output styles turn off the software-engineering-specific parts of the default system prompt, unlike [CLAUDE.md](#claude-md) which is delivered as a user message following the system prompt. Built-in styles include Default, Proactive, Explanatory, and Learning. +A configuration that modifies Claude's system prompt to change response behavior, tone, or format. Unlike [CLAUDE.md](#claude-md), which Claude Code delivers as a user message after the system prompt, an output style changes the system prompt itself. Custom styles leave out Claude Code's built-in software engineering instructions unless you set `keep-coding-instructions` to `true`, and the built-in Default, Proactive, Concise, Explanatory, and Learning styles keep them. Learn more: [Output styles](/docs/en/output-styles)
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## Clear the conversation -Press `Ctrl+L` twice within two seconds to run `/clear` and start a new conversation. The first press redraws the screen and shows a hint; the second press clears the conversation. On macOS, double-pressing `Cmd+K` also runs `/clear`. +Run `/clear` to start a new conversation. Pressing `Ctrl+L` or `Cmd+K` doesn't clear the conversation; Claude Code redraws the screen and keeps it. Before v2.1.238, Claude Code ran `/clear` when you pressed `Ctrl+L` or `Cmd+K` twice within two seconds. + +On iTerm2 and Terminal.app, your terminal handles `Cmd+K` itself and clears its own screen without telling Claude Code. Claude Code detects the cleared screen and repaints the conversation. ## Use with tmux
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| `/mcp [reconnect <server>\|enable\|disable [<server>\|all]]` | Manage MCP server connections and OAuth authentication. Run with no argument to open the interactive list, pass `reconnect <server>` to reconnect one disconnected server, or pass `enable`/`disable` with a server name or `all` to change connection state without opening the dialog. Also available in non-interactive mode (`-p`), where running it with no argument prints a text summary of server status instead of opening the list; requires Claude Code v2.1.205 or later | | `/memory` | Edit `CLAUDE.md` files, enable or disable [auto memory](/docs/en/memory#auto-memory), and view auto memory entries | | `/mobile` | Show QR code to download the Claude mobile app. Aliases: `/ios`, `/android` | -| `/model [model]` | Switch the AI model and save it as your default for new sessions. For models that support it, use left/right arrows to [adjust effort level](/docs/en/model-config#adjust-effort-level). With no argument, opens a picker; press `s` on a row to switch for the current session only. The picker asks for confirmation when the conversation has prior output, since the next response re-reads the full history without cached context. Once confirmed, the change applies without waiting for the current response to finish. Also available in non-interactive mode (`-p`) with a model argument instead of the picker, where it applies to the current session only and isn't saved as your default; requires Claude Code v2.1.205 or later | +| `/model [model]` | Switch the AI model and save it as your default for new sessions. For models that support it, use left/right arrows to [adjust effort level](/docs/en/model-config#adjust-effort-level). With no argument, opens a picker; press `s` on a row to switch for the current session only. See [when Claude Code asks you to confirm the switch](/docs/en/prompt-caching#switching-models). Once confirmed, the change applies without waiting for the current response to finish. Also available in non-interactive mode (`-p`) with a model argument instead of the picker, where it applies to the current session only and isn't saved as your default; requires Claude Code v2.1.205 or later | | `/passes` | Share a free week of Claude Code with friends. Only visible if your account is eligible | | `/permissions` | Manage allow, ask, and deny rules for tool permissions. Opens an interactive dialog where you can view rules by scope, add or remove rules, manage working directories, and review [recent auto mode denials](/docs/en/auto-mode-config#review-denials). When you run it while Claude is responding, Claude Code opens the dialog immediately and applies your changes starting with Claude's next tool call in the same turn. Before v2.1.234, Claude Code queued the command until the turn finished. Alias: `/allowed-tools` | | `/plan [description]` | Enter plan mode directly from the prompt. Pass an optional description to enter plan mode and immediately start with that task, for example `/plan fix the auth bug` |